U n i v e r s i t y
o f O s t r a v a
Organized
by: Czech Chemical Society - Section
of Chemical Thermodynamics
Guarantee: Upper Nitra Coal Mines- Prievidza
International Czech and Slovak Calorimetric Meeting 2004
Proceedings
(in Czech)
Abstracts (in English)
Hotel
Repiská, Demänovská dolina , 24 - 28 May 2004, Slovac Republic
Editor: Taraba B.
Published by: University of Ostrava
Available: University of Ostrava, University library, Bráfova 3 701 03 Ostrava, Czech Republic
ISBN
80-7042-990-9
Proceedings 5-8
ESTIMATION OF THERMOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF MIXED
OXIDES
Jindřich LeitnerA, Milan HamplA, Petr VoňkaB,
Pavel ChuchvalecB
AÚstav inženýrství pevných látek, VŠCHT Praha,
Technická 6, 16628 Praha 6, Czech Republic, e-mail: Jindrich.Leitner@vscht.cz
BÚstav fyzikální chemie, VŠCHT Praha, Technická
6, 166 28 Praha 6
Empirical methods for the estimation
of molar heat capacity and standard enthalpy of formation of mixed oxides are
discussed. In the case of heat capacity the contribution method proposed by
Berman and Brown gives the most accurate results. On the other hand the
Neumann-Kopp’s rule, which reproduces experimental heat capacity data with an
average error of 3.3 %, is the most general method. An empirical method for the
estimation of heat of formation of mixed oxides proposed by Aronson is the most
general one. Some other methods that were assessed in this work are either
limited to the small groups of related substances or give a zero value of
enthalpy for the formation of the mixed oxide from binary ones.
Keywords: Heat capacity; Heat of formation;
Estimation; Mixed oxides
Proceedings 9-12
THERMOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF BiTaO4
Milan
HamplA, Jindřich LeitnerA, Aleš StrejcB,
Květoslav RůžičkaC
AÚstav inženýrství pevných látek, VŠCHT Praha,
Technická 6, 16628, Praha 6, Czech
Republic, e-mail: Jindrich.Leitner@vscht.cz
BÚstav anorganické chemie, VŠCHT Praha,
Technická 6, 16628, Praha 6, Czech Republic
CÚstav fyzikální chemie, VŠCHT Praha, Technická
6, 16628, Praha 6, Czech Republic
Heat capacity of BiTaO4
was measured (relaxation method, 2-325K and DSC method, 300-570 K). The phase
was prepared by high temperature solid state reaction from binary oxides and
analyzed by RTG powder diffraction analysis and differential thermal analysis.
From measured data, value of molar entropy Sm(BiTaO4,298)
was calculated.
Keywords:
Heat capacity – Entropy – Bismuth tantalum oxide
Proceedings 13-16
THERMAL PROPERTIES OF Ge-As-S GLASSY SYSTEM
Eva ČernoškováA, Zdeněk
ČernošekB, Jana HolubováB
ASpolečná laboratoř chemie pevných látek ÚMCH AV
ČR a Univerzity Pardubice, Studentská 84, 53210 Pardubice, Czech Republic,
e-mail: eva.cernoskova@upce.cz
BKatedra obecné a anorganické chemie, Fakulta
chemicko-technologická, nám. Legií 565, 53210 Pardubice, Czech Republic.
GexAsxS(100-2x)
glasses for x = 4 – 22 at. % were studied using temperature modulated
differential scanning calorimetry (MDSC) and StepScan DSC method. It was found
that sulfur significantly influences thermal properties. Separated
non-crystalline phase of cycloocta-S and existence of so-called l-transition for glasses with sulfur content
higher than ~ 80 at.% was detected. Separation of S8 changes
chemical composition and it manifests itself by change of slope of
concentration dependence of glass transition temperature Tg.
So-called thermally reversing window was found for glasses with sulfur content
higher than ~ 80 at.% i.e. in range of mean coordination number <r> ~
2.28 - 2.47.
Keywords:
Chalcogenides; Modulated Differential scanning calorimetry (MDSC); StepScan
DSC.
Proceedings 17-20
CRYSTALLIZATION OF SELENIUM AND GLASS-FORMING MELTS OF
MxSe100-x (M = As, Ge; x 
8)
Jana HolubováA, Zdeněk ČernošekA, Eva
ČernoškováB, Andrea ČernáC
AVýzkumné centrum Univerzity Pardubice a Ústavu
anorganické chemie AV ČR
nám. Legii 565, 53210 Pardubice, Czech Republic, e-mail:
jana.holubova@upce.cz
BSpolečná laboratoř chemie pevných látek ÚMCH AV
ČR a Univerzity Pardubice,
Studentská 84, 53210 Pardubice, Czech Republic
CKatedra obecné a anorganické chemie, Fakulta
chemicko-technologická, Univerzita Pardubice, nám. Legii 565, 53210 Pardubice,
Czech Republic
The isothermal and non-isothermal
crystallization of selenium was studied by means of differential scanning
calorimetry (DSC). The isothermal crystallization was measured in the wide
temperature range (90 – 210 oC). Its kinetics can be described by
Johnson-Mehl-Avramiho (JMA) model, the JMA kinetic exponent n was found to be
almost constant in the wide range of crystallization temperature (110 – 210 oC)
and its value was n ~ 3.2. It was found that polyvalent metal atoms (As, Ge)
stabilize the structure of selenium melt even at very low concentrations (1-8
at.%) by the cross-linking of Se-chains. The kinetics of crystallization of
selenium was also studied in the non-isothermal regime and results were
compared with ones obtained from isothermal experiments. The results of
non-isothermal kinetic analysis obtained for various kinds of frequently used
kinetic models seem to be far from reality.
Keywords: Crystallization; Glass; Chalcogenide; Selenium;
DSC
Proceedings 21-24
THE KINETIC STUDY OF Ag14As28.4S57.6
GLASS
Daniel Švadlák A, Miloš
Krbal B, Jana Shánělová A, Jiří Málek A, Tomáš
Wágner B
AKatedra fyzikální chemie, Fakulta
chemicko-technologická, Univerzita Pardubice, nám. Čs. Legií 565, 53210 Pardubice, Czech Republic, e-mail: jana.shanelova@upce.cz
BKatedra obecné a anorganické chemie, Fakulta chemicko-technologická,
Univerzita Pardubice, nám. Čs. Legií 565, 53210 Pardubice, Czech Republic
The crystallization kinetics of Ag14As28.4S57.6
glass was studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) at
non-isothermal conditions. Two crystallization effects were observed. The
activation energies, pre-exponential factors and kinetic parameters of SB model
were determined. It was found that both of crystallization processes are
complicated. Two crystallization forms of AgAsS2 (trechmannite and
smithite) were created during crystallization.
Keywords:
Kinetic study; DSC; Crystallization; Chalcogenide glasses; System Ag-As-S
Proceedings 25-28
THERMAL BEHAVIOR
AND STABILITY OF LITHIUM-LEAD PHOSPHATE AND BOROPHOSPHATE GLASSES
Petr Mošner, Ladislav Koudelka,
Helena Tichá, Jiří Schwarz
Katedra obecné a anorganické chemie, Univerzita Pardubice, Fakulta
chemicko-technologická, 53210 Pardubice, Czech Republic, e-mail: petr.mosner@upce.cz
Lithium-lead phosphate and
borophosphate glasses were studied in three compositional series xLi2O-(50-x)PbO-50P2O5,
xLi2O-(50-x)PbO-10B2O3-40P2O5
and xLi2O-(50-x)PbO-20B2O3-30P2O5.
Thermal behaviour of these glasses was studied by DTA and TMA technique. From
the curves obtained in DSC mode it was found that the glasses crystallize on
heating in the temperature region of 333-554 oC. The highest thermal
stability possess the glasses of the series with 10 mol% B2O3.
TMA analysis revealed that the glass transformation temperature and dilatation
softening temperature decrease with increasing Li2O content
from 319oC to 227oC in the case of phosphate series,
while in the case of borophosphate series the compositional dependences of Tg
and Td reveal a minimum at the glasses with 30 mol% Li2O.
The thermal expansion coefficient decreases slightly with increasing B2O3
content and does not show appreciable changes with the replacement of PbO by Li2O.
Keywords: Phosphates; Borophosphates; Glasses; Thermal analysis
Proceedings 29-32
DSC MEASUREMENT OF THE HEAT CAPACITY
OF THE Na2O-MgO-CaO-SiO2 GLASSES
Ján GregušA,
Mária ChromčíkováB
AKatedra fyziky, Univerzita
Konštantína Filozofa, Trieda A. Hlinku 1, 94974 Nitra, Slovac Republic, e‑mail: jgregus@ukf.sk
BCentrum kompetencie skla Vitrum Laugaricio,
spoločné pracovisko Ústavu anorganickej chémie SAV, Trenčianskej univerzity
Alexandra Dubčeka a RONA, a.s., Študentská 2, 91150 Trenčín, Slovac
Republic, e‑mail: chromcikova@tnuni.sk
Heat capacities of glasses 15Na2O∙10CaO∙75SiO2
a 15Na2O∙10MgO∙75SiO2 were measured for
temperature ranging from 400 °C to 700 °C with the different rate of heating
and cooling. Glass transition temperature and the step of heat capacity were
calculated with respect to the DIN midpoint. In agreement with the theory, a
rising of the glass transition temperature with increasing heating rate was
observed, whereas the respective values of the heat capacity step were
concluded inadequate – an artifact probably caused by measuring in a too wide
temperature range, which affected a precision of the baseline calibration at
different heating rates. The glass transition temperature values were compared
with those obtained by thermodilatometry.
Keywords:
Heat capacity; DSC; Glasses; Glass-transition
Proceedings 33-36
STUDY OF GLASS TRANSITION IN POLYMER BLENDS
Jaroslav
Kratochvíl, Antonín Sikora
Ústav makromolekulární chemie AV ČR, Heyrovského nám. 2, 162 06 Praha 6,
Czech Republic, e-mail: jakr@imc.cas.cz
DSC measurements of glass transition
temperature in blends of poly(N-methyldodecano-12-lactam) with
poly(styrene-co-acrylic acid) as a function of composition of amorphous phase
of as-prepared samples show miscibility of the system in the whole
concentration range. Rescanned samples show partial limited miscibility caused
probably by reduced stability of H-bonds at elevated temperature.
Keywords: Polymer blends; Glass transition; Hydrogen
bonds; Miscibility
Proceedings 37-40
CALCULATION OF THE CONFORMATION AND THERMOCHEMICAL
QUANTITIES OF BIPHENYL AND CHLORINATED BIPHENYLS
Michal BurešA,
Vladimír PekárekB
AÚstav
fyzikální chemie, VŠCHT, Technická 5, 166 28 Praha 6, Czech Republic,e-mail:
pekarekvl@icpf.cas.cz
BÚstav chemických procesů AV ČR, Rozvojová 135,
165 00 Praha 6, Czech Republic
Thermochemical quantities of dihedral angles, enthalpy of formation and entropy of biphenyl and 209
isomers of chlorinated biphenyls in ideal gas state at 298 K and molar
heat capacities have been calculated. Dihedral angles were discussed from the
point of view of toxic properties of the studied compounds.
Keywords:
Biphenyl; Chlorinated biphenyl; Dihedral angle; Heat of formation; Entropy;
Heat capacity
Proceedings 41-44
IMMOBILIZATION OF HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM BY DIFFERENT
CEMENT PHASES AND STUDY OF HYDRATION ACTIVITY
Martin Palou, Martin Dováľ and Eva Smrčková
Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of
Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovac Republic, e-mail: palou@chtf.stuba.sk
The solidification/immobilisation
kinetics of hexavalent chromium were investigated by using conduction
calorimeter and by metal fixation during the hydration of clinker minerals
3CaO.Al2O3, 4CaO.3Al2O3.SO3
and CaO.Al2O3 with / or without gypsum. The mineral that
were considered as the main clinker
phase of Portland, calciumaluminate sulfate and calcium aluminate cements. The
test of fixation has proven that C3A, in the presence of calcium
sulfate reacts with chromium to form a range of solid solutions of
chromate and sulfate ettringite. The reaction kinetics, as demonstrated by the
curves of heat evolution give a clear evidence of the reactivity of
individual clinker phases.
Keywords:
Calorimeter; Hydration reaction; Immobilization of hexavalent chromium.
Proceedings 45-48
THERMAL
AND HYGRIC PARAMETERS OF HIGH PERFORMANCE CONCRETE
Milena JiřičkováA, Eva MňahončákováB,
Jaroslav PavlíkA, Robert ČernýA
AČVUT v Praze, Stavební fakulta, katedra
stavební mechaniky, Thákurova 7, 166 29 Praha 6, Czech Republic, e-mail: cernyr@fsv.cvut.cz
BČVUT v Praze, Stavební
fakulta, katedra fyziky, Thákurova 7, 166 29
Praha 6, Czech Republic
Thermal and hygric parameters of
high performance concrete belong to the so-called critical parameters for
design and application of complex reliability based models for service life
prediction of concrete structures. The main aim of this paper is experimental
determination of basic thermal and hygric parameters of high performance
concrete for their application as input parameters of mathematical models of
coupled heat and moisture transport.
Keywords: High performance concrete; Thermal properties; Hygric properties
Proceedings 49-52
INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE UPON THE KINETICS AND MECHANISM OF THE
HYDRATION OF MAIN PHASE OF SULFOALUMANITE BELITE CEMENT.
Martin Dováľ and
Martin Palou
Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, STU,
Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovac Republic, e-mail: palou@chtf.stuba.sk
The effects of temperature and water/cement ratio on
the hydration reaction of the main mineral phase of sulfoaluminate belite
cement have been investigated by means of isothermal conduction calorimeter.
The temperature range of 25 to 80 °C and water/cement ratio of 0.5, 0.7 and 1.0
were used are factors influencing the kinetics and mechanism of hydration. An increase in the temperature of hydration
brought about initial acceleration of all samples treated under different
values of water/cement ratio, as indicated by the increased magnitude of the
main peak of calorimetric curves.
Keywords: Conduction calorimeter; Hydration; Calciumsulfate
aluminate; Kinetics; Mechanism
Proceedings 53-56
ANALYSIS OF THE SERVICE LIFE OF LIME PLASTERS WITH
POZZOLANIC ADMIXTURES ON THE BASIS OF COMPUTATIONAL SIMULATION OF HEAT AND
MOISTURE TRANSPORT IN STONE MASONRY
Jiří Maděra, Robert Černý
ČVUT, Stavební fakulta, katedra
stavební mechaniky, Thákurova 7, 16629 Praha 6, Czech Republic, e-mail: cernyr@fsv.cvut.cz
A computational analysis of the
hygrothermal performance of stone-wall based historical envelopes with three
different external lime plasters with pozzolanic admixtures is presented in the
paper. In the analysis of the service life of the applied plasters performed on
the basis of the simulations of coupled heat and moisture transport the
computer code DELPHIN 4 is applied. Temperature and relative humidity fields
are calculated for the time period of twenty years.
Keywords:
Lime plasters; Pozzolanic admixtures; Computational analysis
Proceedings 57-60
COMPUTATIONAL ANALYSIS OF
HEAT AND MOISTURE TRANSPORT IN A MULTI-LAYERED ENVELOPE USING THE COMPUTER
CODES TRANSMAT AND DELPHIN 4
Jiří Maděra, Robert Černý
ČVUT, Stavební fakulta, katedra
stavební mechaniky, Thákurova 7, 16629 Praha 6, Czech Republic, e-mail: cernyr@fsv.cvut.cz
A computational analysis of heat and
moisture transport in a brick-wall with exterior thermal insulation is done
using the computer codes TRANSMAT and DELPHIN 4. The results obtained by both
models are compared from the points of view of the applied numerical methods,
discretization of the problem, accuracy and computer time requirements.
Keywords:
Computational analysis; Heat and moisture transport
Proceedings 61-64
THERMAL AND HYGRIC
PROPERTIES OF HYDROPHILIC MINERAL WOOL BASED MATERIALS: THRESHOLD LEVEL
MATERIALS
Zbyšek Pavlík,
Milena Jiřičková, Robert Černý
ČVUT
v Praze, Stavební fakulta, katedra stavební mechaniky, Thákurova 7,
16629 Praha 6, Czech Republic, e-mail: cernyr@fsv.cvut.cz
In this work, basic physical,
thermal and hygric material properties of newly developed materials on the
basis of hydrophilic mineral wool are presented. The newly developed mineral
wool based materials should find applicability in various fields of
engineering, particularly in drying of flooded buildings, in desalinization of
historical buildings and in interior thermal insulation systems.
Keywords: Hydrophilic mineral wool; Thermal
insulation; Desalinization; Drying of flooded buildings; Thermal, hygric and
physical material properties
Proceedings 65-68
THERMAL AND HYGRIC PROPERTIES OF
MODIFIED CALCINED GYPSUM
Pavel Tesárek1, Robert Černý1, Pavla Rovnaníková2
1 ČVUT v Praze, Stavební fakulta, katedra
stavební mechaniky, Thákurova 7, 16629
Praha 6, Czech Republic, e-mail: cernyr@fsv.cvut.cz
2 VUT v Brně, Stavební fakulta, Ústav
chemie, Žižkova 17, 66237 Brno, Czech Republic
Measurements of thermal and hygric
properties of calcined gypsum modified by application of plasticizers supposed
to increase its mechanical strength are presented in the paper. The measured
parameters are compared with the results achieved with reference calcined
gypsum without any modifications
Keywords: Modified calcined gypsum; Thermal properties; Hygric properties
Proceedings 69-74
PHYSICAL PARAMETERS OF
COMPOSITE BUILDING MATERIALS AT HIGH TEMPERATURES
Jan TomanA, Jitka
PoděbradskáB, Eva MňahončákováA, Robert ČernýB
A Katedra fyziky stavební fakulty
ČVUT, Thákurova 7, 16629 Praha 6, Czech
Republic, e-mail: cernyr@fsv.cvut.cz
B Katedra stavební mechaniky stavební
fakulty ČVUT, Thákurova 7, 16629 Praha 6, Czech Republic
The results of measurements of
physical parameters of several composite building materials at high
temperatures are presented in the paper. Methods reported on previous
Calorimetric Seminars are used in the experiments. The obtained data are
compared and discussed.
Keywords:
Composite building materials; Physical parameters; High temperatures
Proceedings 75-78
SELECTED PROPERTIES OF
HYDROPHOBIZED LIME PLASTERS WITH POZZOLANIC ADMIXTURES
Vratislav TydlitátA,
Pavla RovnaníkováB, Robert ČernýA, Pavel TesárekA ,
Aleš KuncaA
AČVUT, Stavební fakulta, Thákurova 7, 166 29
Praha 6, Czech Republic, e-mail: tydlitat@fsv.cvut.cz
BVUT v Brně, Stavební fakulta, Žižkova 17,
66237 Brno, Czech Republic
Mechanical
properties and hygric properties of three lime plasters with pozzolanic
admixtures hydrophobized by zinc stearate are determined and compared with the properties of non-
hydrophobized plasters.
Key words: Lime-pozzolana plasters;
Mechanical and hygric properties;
Hydrophobizing admixtures
Proceedings 79-82
Two calorimeters for monitoring and
determination of the hydratation heat
Vratislav TydlitátA,
Pavla RovnaníkováB, Miroslav
FillerC, Jan CharvátC, Miroslav BrejchaC
AČVUT, Stavební fakulta, Thákurova 7, 16629
Praha 6, Czech Republic, e-mail: tydlitat@fsv.cvut.cz
BVUT v Brně, Stavební fakulta, Žižkova 17,
66237 Brno, Czech Republic
CELSYST s.r.o., U Slovanky 9d, 18000 Praha 8,
Czech Republic
A fast operated calorimeter is described for monitoring of thermal
effects at hydration processes of inorganic binders and of similar reactions.
The second part of he paper presents information about the operation of
semiadiabatic calorimeter based on the Langevants principle for determination
of enthalpy of hydration of the concrete, as it is recomended in the proposal
of prEN 196-9.
Keywords:
Proceedings 83-86
THERMAL ANALYSIS
OF CEMENT COMPOSITES (TGA, DSC, DILATOMETRY)
Štefan Valovič
KF FPV UKF, Tr. A. Hlinku 1, 94974
Nitra, Slovac Republic, e-mail: svalovic@ukf.sk
Paper presents results
of thermal analysis of cement composites with glass and carbon fibers.
Keywords: Thermodilatometry; DSC;
TGA; Composites; Cement
Proceedings 87-90
THE MEASUREMENT OF THERMAL AND HYGRIC PROPERTIES OF
UNBURNT CLAY BRICKS
Roman Vejmelka, Eva Mňahončáková,
Jan Toman, Jaroslava Drchalová
Katedra fyziky Stavební fakulty ČVUT, Thákurova 7, 166 29 Praha 6, Czech
Republic,e-mail: toman@fsv.cvut.cz
Within the context of this research,
thermal and hygric properties of unburnt clay bricks (pressed by a mechanical
press) has been studied. Unburnt clay is a ecological, fully recyclable
material unexacting pruduction energy. For its wider use it is necessary to
determine the material characteristics as it is common by conventional
materials.
Keywords:
Unburnt clay bricks; Thermal properties; Hygric properties
Proceedings 91-94
THE EFFECT OF THE
CHOSEN ABIOTIC STRESS ON THE ENERGETIC YIELD OF WINTER WHEAT
František Hnilička1, Jiří
Petr2, Helena Hniličková3
1 Česká zemědělská univerzita, katedra botaniky a
fyziologie rostlin, Kamýcká 129, 165 21 Praha 6, Czech Republic,
hnilicka@af.czu.cz
2 Česká zemědělská univerzita, katedra rostlinné výroby,
Kamýcká 129, 165 21 Praha 6, Czech Republic, J.Petr@af.czu.cz
3 Česká zemědělská univerzita, katedra zahradnictví,
Kamýcká 129, 165 21 Praha 6, Czech Republic, hnilickova@af.czu.cz
Net energy content, yield of grain,
straw and yield of energy were studied in grains and straw of the correspondinmg representative
cultivars of wheat: Ebi, Estica and Mironovská 808. The plants cultivated under
controlled glasshouse conditions and under conditions with mutual combinations
of 3 representative abiotic stresses – low pH, drought and combination drought
and low pH. It is possible to conclude that
the negative impact of abiotic stresses on accumulation of rich in
energy matters into wheat grains and straw, as compared with the plants
cultivated in stress conditions are responsible for the decrease of energy
yield in comparison with control
variant. The highest values of energy
yield of grains was found for Ebi
(122.20 GJ.ha-1) and the lowest value for Mironovská 808
(101.08 GJ.ha-1). The values of energy yield of straw are ranging
among 118,12 GJ.ha-1 (cv. Estica) and 127.60 GJ.ha-1 (cv.
Mironovská 808). We can conclude that the less adaptable cultivar to abiotic
stresses from the representative
cultivars seems to be Ebi, and on the other side the most adaptable cultivar
seems to be Estica.
Keywords:
Abiotic stressed; Net energy; Yield; Wheat
Proceedings 95-98
The formation of growth habit of hop plants and the
dynamics of the accumulation energy of
the irrigated and non -irrigated plants
Helena Hniličková1,
František Hnilička1, Jiří Kořen2
1Česká zemědělská univerzita v Praze, Agronomická
fakulta, Kamýcká 129, 16521, Praha 6, Czech Republic, e-mail:
hnilickova@af.czu.cz
2 Chmelařský Institut, s.r. o., Kadaňská 2525,
43846 Žatec, Czech Republic
Irrigation seems to be the
significant stabilizing factor for the yield formation and economic
profitability of hop production. The content of dry matter of irrigated hop
plants is ranging from 23,57 to 31,26
%. For the hop cones were the values of the dry matter highest and made of
about about 46,8 % in the phase before harvest. The values of content of net
energy in the hop cones of plants make 16,32 kJ.g-1 and for
non–irrigated 15,13 kJ.g-1, respectively. The values of accumulated
energy were for irrigatied plants of about
25,06 % to 36,84 % higher as compared with
non-irrigated plants.
Keywords:
Hop; Irrigation; Net energy; Dry matter
Proceedings 99-102
INFLUENCE OF SITE CONDITIONS ON THE ENERGY
CONTENT OFABOVEGROUND PHYTOMASS OF CAREX
PILOSA (SCOP.) SPECIES
Margita Kuklová, Branislav Schieber, Ján Kukla
Ústav ekológie lesa SAV,
Štúrova 2, 960 53 Zvolen, Slovac Republic, e-mail: Kukla@sav.savzv.sk
The work
summarises the results of the study of the energy content in the
aboveground biomass of Carex pilosa growing in extreme ecological conditions as
compared to the values found in more favourable growth environment. Higher
netto energy values (kJ g-1)
of about 6% were found for the extreme environmental conditions (Poľana, Veľká
Fatra, Vtáčnik Mts.).as compared with the values found in more favourable
growth conditions (Kremnické vrchy Mts.). On the other hand, the energy storage
(kJ m-2) conditioned by the amount of the produced phytomass in the
examined localities showed an increasing trend: Poľana (7%), Veľká Fatra (63%)
and Kremnické vrchy (80%) in comparison to the energy storage found in the
Vtáčnik Mts.
Keywords: Ecological conditions;
Carex pilosa species; Energy content
Proceedings 103-106
THE
EFFECT OF GENUS ON ENERGY CONTENT FOR
CHOSEN AMARANTHS´GENUS (AMARANTHUS
SP.)
Jaroslava Martinková1,
František Hnilička1, Helena Hniličková 2, Kamila Holubová
3
1 Česká zemědělská univerzita, katedra botaniky a
fyziologie rostlin, Kamýcká 129, 16521
Praha 6, Czech Republic, e-mail: hnilicka@af.czu.cz
2 Česká zemědělská univerzita, katedra
zahradnictví, Kamýcká 129, 16521 Praha 6, Czech Republic,
3 Česká zemědělská univerzita, Institut tropů a
subtropů, Kamýcká 129, 16521 Praha 6, Czech Republic
There were not found any statistical
important differences between energy content of single genera of amaranth
plants (Amaranthus aureus, Amaranthus cruentus R124 a Amaranthus caudatus CAC).
The highest energy content in leaves
was found for A. caudatus CAC (14.23 kJ g-1), whereas the lowest
amount of energy was found for A. cruentus R124 (14.05 kJ g-1).
The energy content in leaves was rising
up to the maximum value of 14.67 kJ g-1), for the phase 40. After
that it was possible to register the
decreasing value up to13.71 kJ g-1 for the phase 90. This decrease
is probably connected with aging of leaves and storing the provided substances into a panicle. The
highest energy content in leaves was
found for the year 2002 (15.13 kJ g-1). On the other hand the lowest
content was found for the year 2001 (13.30 kJ g-1). Between characters
of years a statistical important difference has been found.
Keywords:
Amarant; Amaranthus sp.; Net energy;
Leaves
Proceedings 107-110
THE PHOTOSYNTHETIC
ACCUMULATION OF ENERGY INTO LEAVES OF AMARANTH (AMARANTHUS SP.)
Petr Menšík1, František
Hnilička1, Eva Holubová2, Matyáš Orsák3
1 Česká zemědělská univerzita, katedra botaniky a
fyziologie rostlin, Kamýcká 129, 16521 Praha 6, Czech Republic, e-mail: hnilicka@af.czu.cz
2 Česká zemědělská univerzita, Institut tropů a
subtropů, Kamýcká 129, 16521 Praha 6, Czech Republic
3 Česká zemědělská univerzita, katedra chemie,
Kamýcká 129, 16521 Praha 6, Czech Republic
The energy content in leaves of three amaranth species:
Amaranthus hypochondriacus, Amaranthus cruentus (Benin) and Amaranthus cruentes
(Z5230) was studied under field conditions in the period of 2001 to 2003. The
confirmative diferences between years have been found.. The highest energy
content was found for Amaranthus hypochondriacus and for the 60 growth phase.
Keywords:
Net energy; Amaranth; Amaranthus sp.; Leaves; Growth phase
Proceedings 111-114
ACCUMULATION OF ENERGY IN ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS OF
SELECTED DOMINANT HERB SPECIES IN SPRUCE ECOSYSTEM.
Branislav Schieber, Margita Kuklová,
Ján Kukla
Ústav ekológie lesa SAV, Štúrova 2, 960 53 Zvolen, Slovac Republic,
e-mail: schieber@sav.savzv.sk
The results of energy content in aboveground biomass of
selected dominant species (Dryopteris dilatata, Luzula luzuloides, Maianthemum
bifolium, Oxalis acetosella, Rubus idaeus, Vaccinium myrtillus) are presented
for the herbal layer of a spruce ecosystem in the buffer zone of the National
park Slovenský raj. We have found significant (P<0.05) differences in the
biomass energy content between the same herbal species growing in damaged and
undamaged stands. The only exception was Oxalis acetosella. The obtained
results do not show the same trends for the changed environmental conditions on
the netto energy content in the dry mass in different examined species. We
suppose that the biological properties of studied species play an important
role in accumulation of energy components in the plant organism.
Keywords: Spruce ecosystems; Aboveground
biomass; Energy content; Herb layer
Proceedings 115-118
COMPARISON OF ENERGY
BALANCES OF SELECTED UNTRADITIONAL PLANTS
Zdeněk Strašil
Výzkumný ústav rostlinné výroby, Drnovská 507, 161 06 Praha
6, Czech Republic, e-mail: strasil@vurv.cz
Energy balances of untraditional oil
plants iberian dragonhead, coriander, hemp) are compared with rape, alternative
oil plants and other traditional agricultural plants (winter wheat, spring
barely, sugar-beet, potato, grain maize, alfalfa). In the energy inputs are
calculated both direct and indirect energy component. Total model energy
production inputs for considered alternative plants are lower in comparison
with most of clasical agricultural plants and represented for iberian
dragonhead 18.6 GJ ha-1, coriander 17.9 GJ ha-1, hemp
harvested as whole plant 20.6 GJ.ha-1, hemp seed and straw harvested
separately 24.7 ha-1. The energy inputs are considered as rough
energy of both main and totally harvested product. The highest energy
production was found for hemp 180.6 GJ ha-1, the lowest for
iberian dragonhead 69.8 GJ ha-1. The energy effectiveness (energy
output : energy input) was specified for the main and total production of
iberian dragonhead 2.06 and 5.6, for coriander 2.29 and 4.8 and for the hemp
harvested as whole plant 8.78, hemp sees and straw harvested separately 0.8 and
6.84, respectively. Energy effectivenes was compared with the main and total
production of safflower 2.95 and
5.8, crambe 2.35 and 4.66, false flax
3.46 and 6.69, rape 3.32 and 5.83 respectively. From the calculation is further
evident that most of selected untraditional plants has rather worse parameters
of energy specific consumption per unit of main products, related to the energy
balances (iberian dragonhead 0.48, coriander 0.44, hemp 1.26) compared with
classical grain crops as winter wheat 0.36 or spring barley 0.37, but similar
parameters like e.g. potato 0.44 or grain maize 0.46. This means that the
presented untraditional industrial plants are fully comparablele with these
classical agricultural plants regarding to the energy aspect and that they utilize the inserted
additional energy similarly, i.e. relative effectively.
Keywords:
Energy balances; Iberian dragonhead; Coriander; Hemp
Proceedings 119-122
THE QUALITATIVE AND ENERGETIC COMPARISON OF TRADITIONAL AND NON-TRADITIONAL FOLIAR VEGETABLES
Jiří Vondráček1,
František Hnilička1, Kamila Holubová2, Matyáš Orsák3
1 Česká zemědělská univerzita, katedra botaniky a
fyziologie rostlin, Kamýcká 129, 16521 Praha, Czech Republic, e-mail: hnilicka@af.czu.cz
2 Česká zemědělská univerzita, Institut tropů a
subtropů, Kamýcká 129, 16521 Praha 6 Czech Republic
3 Česká zemědělská univerzita, katedra chemie,
Kamýcká 129, 16521 Praha 6, Czech Republic
The energy content of leaves was
studied under field conditions for three selected amaranth species: Amaranthus caudatus,
Amaranthus cruentus and Amaranthus hypochondriacus, cultivars of spinach:
Matador and Triptiek in the years 2002 and 2003. The gathered results show,
that the statistically not significant differences were found for amaranth species. However lowest amount of energy
in leaves was found for Amarantus cruentus – R124 (14,59 kJ.g-1) and the highest amount of energy
in leaves was found for Amarantus hypochondriacus - 14,79 kJ.g-1.
The content of net energy in leaves of spinach makes fot cv. Matador 14,63 kJ.g-1 and for cv. Triptiek 14,59
kJ.g-1. The content of total polyphenols ranged from 14756 mg.kg-1 (Matador) to
16927 mg.kg-1(A. hypochondriacus). The nitrate content ranged from
14784 mg.kg-1 (Matador) to 17022
mg.kg-1(Triptiek).
Keywords:
Net energy; Amaranth; Amaranthus sp.; Spinach; Spinacea oleracea
Proceedings 123-124
DETERMINATION OF GROSS ENERGY AND DIGESTIBLE ENERGY OF
FEEDS FOR RUMINANTS
Petr Homolka
Výzkumný ústav živočišné výroby Praha, Přátelství 815, 10400 Praha 10,
Czech Republic, e-mail: homolka@vuzv.cz
The importance of determination of
the energy for the evaluation of nutrition value of feeds for ruminants was
described in this contribution. The gross energy was determined in a selected
set of feeds. Coefficients of energy digestibility were determined in vivo
metabolic trials on wether.
Keywords:
Ruminant; Feeds; Gross energy; Digestible energy
Proceedings 125-128
DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETERS FROM TA INSTRUMENTS
Jaroslav KolejkaA
A
AMEDIS spol. s r. o., Bobkova 786, 190 00 Praha 9, Czech Republic,
e-mail: kolejka@amedis.cz
This article deals with Tzero and
MDSC techniques. Tzero produces the truest available representation of heat
flowing to and from a sample, by removing thermal effects that degrade baseline
flatness, sensitivity, and resolution. The Tzero cell’s unique internal
reference temperature sensor and measuring circuitry detects, and compensates
for known resistance and capacitance imbalances that cause these effects. In
MDSC, a sinusoidal temperature oscillation is overlaid on the traditional
linear ramp. The effect is that heat flow can be measured simultaneously with
changes in heat capacity. Using Fourier transformation, the heat flow generated
is separated in real time into a heat capacity component and a kinetic
component.
Keywords:
DSC; Calorimeter; MDSC; Tzero
NEW ASPECTS ON INSTRUMENTATION FOR THERMAL ANALYSIS
AND CALORIMETRY DEVELOPED BY SETARAM INSTRUMENTATION (FRANCE)
Naumann, R.
SETARAM instrumentation, 7, rue de L’Oratoire,
F-69300 Caluire and LABIMEX s.r.o. Na Zámecké 11, 140 00 Praha, Czech Republic,
e-mail: setaram@t-online.de
The SuperSonic system that ensures the transfer of the gases emitted by
the sample from SETSYS –evolution TGA furnace to the mass spectrometer
permitting measurements up to 1024 amu.
A new easy of use and cost effective 45-position auto sampler DSC for
the whole temperature range (-170 to 700°C).
To perform experiments (TGA, TMA,TG/DTA(DSC, Calo, X-ray .. ) under
controlled humidity atmosphere the gas generator “WETSYS” was developed.
For safty calorimetry some new vessels for scanning and mixing up to 350
bars and the Differential Reaction Calorimeter
“DRC” ( -80 –150°C ) have been presented.
DIFFERENTIAL CALORIMETER DIK 04 AND SEMIADIABATIC
CALORIMETER SAK 02
ELSYST spol. s r.o., U Slovanky 9d,
CZ 182 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic, Tel.: +420 284 688 635-40, Fax: +420 286
890 151, e-mail: elsyst@vol.cz
The principle of differential
calorimeter (DIK 04) is based on difference of hydratation heat between the
tested and the reference sample. On the basis of the hydratation curve and its
comparison with reference curves iťs possible to quickly determine some
properties of the tested sample of cement or plaster, such as strenght,
beginning of setting, effects of admixtures and so on.
Semiadiabatic calorimeter (SAK 02) uses the semiadiabatic
method of mesuring the hydratation heat of cements, i.e. mesuring of the
temperature increase of setting cement montar closed in tight metal plate box
with submeryed resistance thermometer. SAK often calibration permits
quantitative determination of hydratation head of cement in hydratation process
. It also permits to identity the hydratation power (W kg-1 of
cement) during the hydratation of sample cement.
Keywords: Calorimeter; Hydratation process; Semiadiabatic
method
THE NETZSCH INSTRUMENTS FOR THERMAL ANALYSIS
ChromSpec s. r. o., Jindřicha Plachty 28, 150 00 Praha 5, Czech
Republic, tel. +420 257 324 057,
www.chromspec.cz
The TG, DSC, STA, DEA and LFA instruments for thermal analysis are
presented. The new generation instruments of DSC204 F1 and TG209 F1 are
described in detail with automated dosing arrangement.
PRESENTATION OF LECO
THERMOCHEMICAL INSTRUMENTS
LECO Instrumente Plzeň, spol. s r.o.,
Plaská 66, 323 25 Plzeň, Czech republic, tel.: +420-377 510 811, e-mail: sales@leco.cz, web: www.leco.cz
The technical parameters of the new type combustion calorimeter AC-500 LECO were presented. The determination
of combustion and heating power of liquid as well as of solid matters were
under control of external PC (with Windows®-based software) and
under isoperibol reaction conditions. The TGA-701
thermogravimetric analyzer determines moisture/ash or weight-loss in
various organic samples under inert or oxidation atmosphere.
The PC control unit was applied for this instrumentation. The parameters
of TruSpec elemental analyzer for C, H, N and S elements were given.